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Some children who are having problems in school may need extra help through special education. Special education is for children who have a disability. Schools must follow certain procedures to decide if a child is eligible for special education. These procedures are written in state and federal laws. A child with a disability is a child who needs special education and related services. The child must be at least 3 years old, but not yet 21, and not yet graduated from high school. The term includes a person who becomes 21 during the school term for the remainder of the school term (the last day pupils attend in a school year, other than summer classes).
The law has criteria for each category below to help IEP teams decide if a child has a disability.
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Cognitive disabilities (CD)
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Hearing impairments (HI)
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Speech or language impairments (SL)
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Visual impairments (VI)
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Emotional behavioral disability (EBD)
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Orthopedic impairments (OI)
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Autism
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI)
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Specific learning disabilities (SLD)
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Other health impairments (OHI)
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Significant developmental delay (SDD)
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